Could a new 33000 gallon in-ground concrete pool that is empty because it did not receive plaster layer before winter set in pop out of the ground?

It is extremely unlikely that an empty, in-ground concrete pool would pop out of the ground due to being unplastered over winter. In-ground concrete pools are designed to withstand significant hydrostatic pressure from the surrounding soil, and an empty pool exerts relatively little pressure on its walls. The primary concern with leaving an unplastered concrete pool empty over winter is the potential for structural damage caused by freeze-thaw cycles, not the risk of it popping out of the ground.