What does a water turbine do?

A water turbine is a device that converts the energy of flowing water into mechanical energy. The mechanical energy can then be used to generate electricity, pump water, or power other machinery.

Water turbines are typically installed in dams or other structures that create a difference in water level. The water flows through the turbine, causing the blades of the turbine to rotate. The rotation of the turbine is then used to generate electricity or power other machinery.

There are many different types of water turbines, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. The most common types of water turbines include:

* Pelton turbines are used in high-head, low-flow applications. Pelton turbines have a simple design and are relatively efficient, but they are not as well-suited for low-head applications.

* Francis turbines are used in medium-head, medium-flow applications. Francis turbines are more efficient than Pelton turbines at low heads, but they are not as well-suited for high-head applications.

* Kaplan turbines are used in low-head, high-flow applications. Kaplan turbines are the most efficient type of water turbine, but they are also the most complex and expensive.

The type of water turbine that is best suited for a particular application depends on the specific head and flow conditions at the site.

Water turbines are an important renewable energy source. They can provide clean, sustainable electricity without producing greenhouse gases.