damage

Question
I got a question... me and my teacher were arguing about what will do more damage at 25 feet.
A .50 AE desert eagle  or a 22 caliber sniper rifle

Answer
That is a very intriguing question, because it certainly is a comparison of apples with oranges.  Not having myself shot gelatin or fleshy medium with a .50AE, my answer to you will be theoretical.  You MIGHT find some hard data at www.boxotruth.com.

First, let me say that I would not want to be shot with either at 25 ft as death from both would be likely.

By .22 sniper rifle, I am assuming you mean a .223 (5.56 NATO).  Depending on the ammuntion, velocity of that round is about 3,500 fps, muzzle energy about 1270 foot lbs.

A .50AE has a muzzle energy of 1923 foot pounds, but slows much faster, with an initial muzzle velocity of a sedate (compared to rifle velocities) 1500 fps.

Assuming both were shooting hollow points, I would think the rifle would do more damage.  The greater muzzle velocity would certainly produce a much greater temporary stretch cavity, and the fragmenting bullet at that speed would shred everything in its path.  The .50 would created a much larger permentant wound channel, but would not have the hyrdostatic effect of the .223 due to the velocity.

If we change to ball ammunition, the .50 is the hands down winner at that distance.

Thanks for an intriguing and interesting question.