Talk to me about a water hammer and how fix it much would cost damage is causing etc?

A water hammer is a pressure surge or shock wave that occurs when a valve is closed suddenly in a plumbing system. This can cause a loud banging noise and can also damage pipes and fixtures.

Causes of water hammer

* Sudden valve closure: The most common cause of water hammer is when a valve is closed suddenly, such as when you turn off a faucet or flush a toilet.

* Long pipe runs: Water hammer is more likely to occur in systems with long pipe runs, as the water has more time to build up speed before it is stopped by a closed valve.

* Loose or damaged pipes: Loose or damaged pipes can also cause water hammer, as they can allow water to flow back and forth when a valve is closed.

Water hammer damage

Water hammer can cause a variety of damage, including:

* Broken pipes: Water hammer can cause pipes to break, especially if they are old or made of a brittle material such as copper.

* Leaking faucets: Water hammer can also cause faucets to leak, as the pressure surge can damage the seals.

* Toilet damage: Water hammer can also damage toilets, as the pressure surge can cause the ballcock to slam shut, damaging the flapper valve and causing the toilet to leak.

Fixing water hammer

There are several ways to fix water hammer, including:

* Installing water hammer arrestors: Water hammer arrestors are devices that absorb the shock of a pressure surge, preventing it from damaging pipes and fixtures.

* Shortening pipe runs: Shortening pipe runs can reduce the amount of time that water has to build up speed before it is stopped by a closed valve.

* Securing loose or damaged pipes: Securing loose or damaged pipes can help to prevent water hammer by preventing water from flowing back and forth when a valve is closed.

The cost of fixing water hammer depends on the extent of the damage and the method of repair. If you are experiencing water hammer, it is important to have it repaired as soon as possible to prevent further damage to your plumbing system.