When was the specialized mountain bicycle invented?

There is no specific date or individual credited with the invention of the specialized mountain bicycle. The development of mountain bikes occurred gradually through various modifications and innovations made to existing bicycle designs.

During the 1970s, cyclists in California began modifying existing bicycles for off-road riding on rugged terrain. These early mountain bikes featured rugged frames, wider tires, and improved brakes and suspension systems. Notable pioneers in the development of mountain bikes include Joe Breeze, Gary Fisher, Charlie Kelly, and Tom Ritchey.

In 1979, the first mass-produced mountain bike, the Specialized Stumpjumper, was introduced by Specialized Bicycle Components, founded by Mike Sinyard. The Stumpjumper featured innovations like knobby tires, indexed shifting, and a lightweight frame, making it well-suited for off-road riding. While not the first mountain bike, the Specialized Stumpjumper is often regarded as a significant milestone in the popularization and commercialization of mountain biking.