After I'd ridden a few centuries I was intrigued by the challenge of a 200K...and then a double century...and then the 1,200K (750-mile) Paris-Brest-Paris...and then qualifying for the RAAM...and then finishing RAAM.
I will share with you my accumulated wisdom in a three-part article:
When deciding on your first ultra event, pick a ride that is challenging, and also exciting—that will keep you motivated as you train. When you pick your event, considering the following:
? Do you have a yen to travel, to have an adventure, ride different roads and see new scenery? If so, you'll have to deal with the logistics of getting to the ride. Or are you more comfortable doing a ride close to home, which is logistically simpler and may allow you actually to train on parts of the course?
? What is the longest ride you've done before in terms of time? You can certainly train up to ride 25-30 percent longer and even 50 percent longer if you have enough time to train; however, twice as long is probably too big a jump for your new longest ride.
? How much time to you have to prepare? During training you want to build up to a long ride 2/3 to 3/4 the duration of your ultra ride two weeks before the big event and then taper to the ultra ride. You can increase the duration of your weekly long ride by about 10 percent per week without risking overtraining.
? What is the event like and can you train in similar terrain and conditions? As you peak for your event in the final weeks, you want to train as much as possible on a similar course—if you live in a relatively flat area, then an event featuring sustained climbs probably isn't right for you.
In a recent study experienced cyclists spent 80 percent of their time riding at a conversational endurance pace and 20 percent of their time riding hard. After a detraining break the same riders rode about half the time at an endurance pace and the other half of the time they rode a little harder, but didn't do any intensity training. They showed significantly greater improvement following the first protocol.
More: The Science Behind Mixed Training Intensities
You are preparing for an endurance ride and you want to train your physiological and metabolic systems to ride at that pace. By riding at the classic easy conversational pace you:
If you are trained by perceived exertion, you should be able to talk in complete sentences the whole time, although you probably won't be able to whistle climbing a hill.
If you are training by heart rate you should ride at 76 to 94 percent of your lactate threshold (LT), staying in the lower part of the range unless you are climbing.
If you are training by power you should ride at 56 to 90 percent of functional threshold power (FTP), keeping your power in the lower part of the range except on hills. You don't get these training benefits if you ride somewhat harder—endurance training should feel like it is almost too easy!
More: 12 Training Tips for an Ultra-Distance Ride
Although most of your training should be for endurance, you also need to build your power. Once a week do a mixed-intensity ride. Warm up thoroughly; do your main set alternating hard and easy riding and then cool down. How hard?
If you have both a heart rate monitor and a power meter, train by power for both your endurance rides and your intensity workouts. Power is more accurate; heart rate can be affected by riding temperature, hydration status, excitement and other factors.
Start with a few short efforts of five minutes or so with about the same amount of recovery and build to longer efforts with about half the recovery time. You can do structured intervals, hill repeats or just sprint with friends to different points on the ride. After a month or so you can start doing two intensity workouts a week.
Your muscles only get stronger when at rest, not when training! In addition to training hard, rest hard:
More: 7 Recovery Strategies Used by Pro Cyclists
$Page Break$For four weeks before you taper, peak for the event by training as specifically as possible:
More: 4 Ways to Speed Up Your Century Ride
As your time on the bike increases, bike weight and aerodynamics become somewhat less important and comfort becomes more important:
If your bike is set up for speed you may want to get a new bike fit. Tell the fit technician the kind of riding that you'll be doing and ask that the bike be set up for that. For example, you may want your handlebars higher and/or closer to the saddle so that you aren't as stretched out on the bike. This will keep you back, shoulders and neck from getting tired and stiff.
Specialized dealers in many countries offer bike fits by technicians trained by Andy Pruitt at the Boulder Center for Sports Medicine (BCSM). Ret?l, founded by experts from the BCSM, has fit technicians around the world. Both the BCSM and Ret?l work with many racers in the pro peloton.
More: 10 Bike Fit Myths Debunked
What works for a 6 to 7 hour century probably isn't enough for an all-day ride. It may be chilly when you start. Keep your knees covered until it's 60 degrees, since the knees have very poor circulation and are prone to injury otherwise. Knee warmers, arm warmers and a windbreaker are often all you'll need. You could also stuff a couple of layers of newspaper under your jersey as added insulation and then throw them away.
I often start with thin polypro glove liners under my cycling gloves and a thin polypro balaclava under my helmet. If it might rain, take a raincoat--riding for a few hours in light gear in the rain is tolerable, but riding all day is no fun without a good raincoat. I also carry a shower cap from a motel--a good emergency head cover in the rain!
Use your training rides as experiments. Pay attention to all of your equipment and clothing. If something doesn't meet the performance requirements for the ride (for example, wrong gearing) or is the least bit uncomfortable, experiment until you find the solution. What is a minor problem for a few hours could become a major pain on an all-day ride.
I once asked Lon Haldeman, who has set seven transcontinental records, what is an ultra ride. He told me that when he was 10 years old he rode his coaster brake bike five miles to the water tower in the next town and thought he was a long-distance cyclist. The next month he rode 10 miles to the next water tower. Have fun meeting the challenge of your next water tower!
More: 8 Ultra-Distance Cycling Events to Consider
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